Why Women Still Can t Have It All - 1035 Words

Anyone Can Have It All Sooner or later in life, we will inevitably face the question that asks if we have it all. One may respond with a question: â€Å"What does it all mean?† According to the article â€Å"Why Women Still Can’t Have It All,† author Anne-Marie Slaughter defines it all as â€Å"work-family balance† (678). It means to have both career and family at the same time. And the consensus of our society has agreed with her definition of it all. We live in a society where we are raised to grow up to have a career and a family. Correspondingly, we will likely raise our children with the same tenet, and the cycle repeats. Our society dictates that work-family balance is what defining it all. However, not everyone agrees with the society’s or†¦show more content†¦She is pleased because she has the power to achieve her it all by using her position to balance her career and family. Likewise, in his article â€Å"Why Men Still Can’t Have It All,† Richard Dorment feels glad to be back in his office working rather than taking full advantage of his paternity leave. â€Å"At work, I had a purpose — things needed to be done, people needed me to do themâ€Å" (Dorment 711). Dorment is an editor at Esquire magazine. At work, he has purposes and is needed, whereas he feels his presence is not necessarily needed and finds it to be boring at home (Dorment 711). Being needed and having able to work for his purposes, he can have personal fulfillment. On the other hand, people who are not contented are the ones that do not have personal satisfaction for their actions. For example, Slaughter demonstrates this when she says, â€Å"The flip side is the harder truth: having it all was not possible in many types of jobs , including high government office—at least not for very longâ€Å" (681). Her high government position is very demanding of her time, therefore she has little time for her children. Additionally, Dorment has his unpleasant experience as well. â€Å"This used to annoy me — why do I even bother?â€Å" (Dorment 706). It is a comment Dorment has regarding his wife refolding the clothes after he has folded them. I would sympathize with him. A woman I knew asked me to go with her to her daughter’sShow MoreRelatedWhy Women Still Can t Have It All902 Words   |  4 PagesRough Draft Many people have different perspectives about who can have it all. In â€Å"Why Women Still Can’t Have It All,† Anne-Marie Slaughter makes a point in her essay which is that you cannot have it all. However, in â€Å"Why Men Still Can’t Have It All,† Richard Dorment responds to her essay with a different opinion, and he makes arguments to prove his opinion about this topic. To understand his opinion, we are going to look at his points, how did he make the points, and my personal opinion on hisRead MoreWhy Women Still Can t Have It All By Anne Marie Slaughter1173 Words   |  5 Pagesreason women do not receive results equal to their male counterparts is not because of lack of opportunity, but because they are choosing to pursue different priorities than men. In â€Å"Why Women Still Can’t Have It All,† Anne-Marie Slaughter discusses the idea that in today’s economic and social environment, it is not realistic for women to try to †Å"have it all.† Similarly, Richard Dorment writes about why it is not just women that â€Å"can’t have it all† in his book, â€Å"Why Men Still Can’t Have It All.† ThereRead MoreWhy Women Still Can t Have It All By Anne Marie Slaughter900 Words   |  4 Pageseconomy, it is a hard fact that many women will have to enter the workforce. In her article for The Atlantic, â€Å"Why Women Still Can’t have it All†, Anne-Marie Slaughter examines the difficulties faced by women who either have children or would someday like to do so. Having given up on the task of holding a high powered government position while being the mother of a teenager, her kairotic moment, the author discusses the changes that would be necessary in order for women to find a real work-life balanceRead MoreWhy Women Still Can t Have It All By Ann Marie Slaughter1180 Words   |  5 Pagessacrifices to make when balancing work and family. Ann-Marie Slaughter is the author of â€Å"Why Women Still Can’t Have It All† where she explains what it is like to hold a higher ranking position and have children at home. She begins by building her credibility with personal facts and sources, citing other women in younger and older generations. Slaughter fills her essay with high emotion to empower women to be able to have a higher profession without giving up the time with the ones you love. She describesRead MoreWhat Can We Do About It?1467 Words   |  6 Pagesto thinking they aren t good enough, women would most likely be taken away and are more likely to be tortured or raped. Women aren t meant for fighting, men are. If we enable the women from engaging in combat, we would have a safer country, and a happier life. I will be researching the following questions; What can we do about it? If we did this how would it affect us? Why don t we do this? Would/Are Women Treated Equally While in Combat? Background Information Women did engage in combat in WW2Read MoreWhy Women Should Fight The Front Line1321 Words   |  6 PagesWhy I Believe Women Should Be On The Front Line I believe women should fight side by side with men. I believe women are equal to men, there s only a physical difference but we are all the same. Women can do everything a man can. If women fight in the front line i think there would be less casualties than there right now. Although women should be fighting in front line in the military many believe they should not. More than 200,000 position will still be remain exclusive to men. women wonRead MoreWhat Is Gender Equality?911 Words   |  4 Pagesthink of all that they are capable of doing. Split it back up into everybody in the world. We are all capable of doing what that one person was able to do. We become more alike when we are put together as a whole. Still don t get it? That s okay; let me try explaining it differently. You cannot picture equality if you don t look at the whole picture. Think of a painting. In a painting, many things make up that picture. One stroke, then another. Each stroke different, but as a whole it is all alikeRead MoreSexism The Stem, By Alexandria Storm Essay1293 Words   |  6 PagesSexism in the STEM By Alexandria Storm Jan 11, 2015 Sexism in the Workplace Modern day sexism can be a very delicate topic, but people need to recognize that it s still a problem in the workplace. Before jumping to the conclusion that this is another extreme feminist perspective, it s important to understand one thing. Although significant progress has been made in the past few decades, women are not treated as equal partners to men in the many job fields. Freida Pinto, the leading actress in SlumdogRead MoreGender Inequality : A Huge Problem971 Words   |  4 Pagesdo, how to be, and what to think based on the bodies that we live in. However, what the world has forgotten is that we are all just people. People that cry, that bleed, feel the hurt of sorrow or the happiness of pure joy. At the end of the day, it doesn t matter what we do in life but how we live it, how we love ourself and how we love others. So why is gender inequality still such a huge problem? Gender inequality refers to the unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gen derRead MoreGender Inequality : A Man Who Works Full Time1630 Words   |  7 PagesGender inequality is something that has been affecting our world for a very long time. You can see it all throughout history. From women entering the workforce for the first time, to women protesting on the street, fighting for the right to vote. The concept people don t understand is that this is still affecting our world today. Did you know that a man who works full time earns a median of $889 a week? Do you know how much a woman makes? A woman who works full-time earns a median of $721 a week

The Bases Of Credit Risk In Banks Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2771 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Essay any type Did you like this example? According to European Central Bank, credit risk is defined as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the risk that a counterparty will not settle the full value of an obligation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" neither when it becomes due, nor at any time thereafterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?; similarly, credit risk is the risk that a borrower will not meet its obligations according to agreed terms (Basel, Jul 1999). As Greuning, H.V and Bratanovic, S.B (2003) pointed out, bank failures mostly generated from credit risk due to the fact that more than 80% of the balance sheet of a bank commonly has the relation to this kind of risk. Therefore, a good management of credit risk is vital for the operation of a bank. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Bases Of Credit Risk In Banks Finance Essay" essay for you Create order 3.1.2 Credit Risk Exposures in Banks According to Basel (Jul 1999), making loans is still the activity where credit risk rises from mostly. Additionally, along with financial innovation creating new financial instruments like: acceptances, interbank transactions, guarantees and acceptance (Basel, Jul 1999). Hence, this paper will discuss credit exposure of banks existing in these activities. Loan According to Gregoriou and Hoppe (2008), bank loans are categorised as commercial real estate (CRE), commercial and industrial (CI) loans and consumer loans. Frumkin (2005) stated that CI are loans made by commercial banks, representing loans outstanding; moreover, CI can be made from a few weeks to several years and this kind of loans are sources of capital for production. (Saunders and Cornett, 2006). Beside this, CRE are primarily mortgage loans; in terms of size, price and maturity, CRE is different to CI. Moreover, consumer loans made by lenders like banks and other financia l institutions create the only income is interest payment (Gregoriou and Hoppe, 2008). Undoubtedly, when making loans, the risk that banks concern mostly is credit risk. Due to many causes, bank borrowers may fail to repay their debts, possibly leading to bankruptcy (Gregoriou and Hoppe, 2008). Guarantees and Acceptances As the Basel Committee defined (1986), Guarantee is the commitment of a bank to help a third party complete its obligations if the third party cannot do it, while Acceptances is a bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s obligation to pay on maturity the nominal value of a exchangeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s bill. Guarantees and Acceptances are considered as loans to ultimate borrowers; hence, they are also considerable sources of credit risk of banks (Basel, 1986). Interbank transaction According to Interbank Liability of US Department of Treasury, interbank transactions like swaps and foreign exchange contracts create exposure to banks that act as counterparties in such tra nsactions. This exposure may include settlement risk possibly coming from transactions related to the government securities or foreign exchange that a counterparty will fail to fulfil a payment as agreed terms. As a result, banks also need to pay attention to this kind of credit risk source. 3.2 PRINCIPLES OF CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT IN BANKS 3.2.1 Purposes of Credit Risk Management As other businesses, the target of a bank is also maximising its profit; hence, the purpose of credit risk management in each bank is to diminish losses caused by credit risk but reach the maximum profit. This is the optimal combination between risk and profit. In other words, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the intent of a banks risk management processes is to avoid having an unacceptable number of credits that go into insolvency, workout, restructuring, etc. and then to minimise the actual lossesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?  [1]  . According to Basel (Jul 1999), the purpose of credit risk management is to maximise a bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s return by controling credit risk exposure within acceptable levels. 3.2.2 Principles of Credit risk Management Coping with credit risk management, each bank has its own strategies and policies; however, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision establishes common standards on this issue. This paper will base on these criteria to depict crucial factors needed for a good framework credit management. According to Basel (Jul 1999), principles of credit risk management of banks should satisfy the following five criteria: Establishing an Appropriate Credit Risk Environment This standard requires each bank to set up its own conception, strategies and policies as well as organisations for credit risk management. Firstly, the board of directors should approve the acceptable level of the combination between credit risk and profitability. Then, managers- responsible for credit risk management should base on the approved strategies to carry out policies and implem ents for all activities and products of the bank. Operating under a Sound Credit Granting Process Having deep knowledge about their borrowers or counterparties as well as the structure of the credit and the ability of repayments is crucial for banks in determining the credit limit of each individual borrower or groups of counterparties. Thus in order to do that, banks need to build appropriate credit granting processes. The determining of the credit limit must been available for both circumstances of granting credit for new credit and extensions of existing credit. Maintaining an Appropriate Credit Administration, Measurement and Monitoring Process These processes must be applied for credit- bearing portfolios, monitoring the overall component of these portfolios. Additionally, banks should develop internal credit rating systems which need to fit the size, structure, activities of them. An internal credit rating system is an indicator of the risk in an individual credit in indentified by banks (Frenkel, Hommel, Dufey and Rudoff, 2005). This system should be applied at the beginning of the lending and updated regularly (Monetary Authority of Singapore, 2006). However, the Basel Committee make a suggestion that the framework of administration, measurement and monitoring of credit risk should estimate credit risk exposures in possible changes and stressful conditions. Ensuring Adequate Controls over Credit risk Banks need to establish a credit review system that board of directors need to be informed about reports and assessments of such credit review system regularly and directly. Banks must make sure that the credit risk exposures are within the approved level. Moreover, once weaknesses or problem credits appeared, bank should be ready to manage them. 3.3 CREDIT RISK MEASUREMENT Jickling (2010) argued that one of the causes resulting to the current financial crisis is the weakness of risk management systems including credit risk measurem ent. As Colquitt (2007) pointed out, credit risk measurement plays a vital role in the framework of credit risk management, becoming a major agenda at financial institutions over the past few years. There may be two main reasons leading to this role of credit risk measurement. Firstly, the increasingly complex financial risks cause large losses; hence, they need to be managed by quantifying and measuring the potential risk exposures. The second reason is that credit risk is intimately related to other risks like market and operational risks; as a result, to manage properly these integrated risks need a systematic process that can measure the loss exposures in all activities. The dissertation will analyse three methods for credit risk measurement of banks, including: credit risk rating, credit risk scoring and credit risk modelling. 3.3.1 Credit Risk Rating Credit rating systems are tools to assess creditworthiness, estimate default probability according to rating categories an d they are à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“at the heart of credit risk management in that they provide a road map to entire credit processà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Colquitt, 2007, p 318). Moreover, according to OCC (2001), credit risk rating systems may enhance safety and soundness, monitoring changes and trends in credit risk levels, helping banks reach optimal returns. Chen (2003) argued that there are three types of credit rating systems helping lenders rate creditworthiness of borrowers or counterparties, such as: bank internal rating systems, external rating agencies and external credit agencies. Bank Internal Rating Systems It is mentioned by Basel (Jan 2000) that internal ratings, based on quantitative and qualitative information, show an evaluation of the risk of loss due to the counterpartyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s default. Internal credit rating systems are used for many purposes like determining problem loans, analysing to support loan loss reserving, being an element of credit portfolio monitoring and management, capital allocation, etc (Federal Reserve Board, Division of Banking Supervision and Regulation, 1998). In other words, a robust internal credit rating system is crucial in credit risk management processes, contributing to banksà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ safety, soundness and success. External Rating Agencies External rating agencies are provided by public credit rating companies like Moodys Investors Service, Standard Poors and Fitch. Like bank internal rating systems, these rating agencies offer consistent credit scores, information and credit risk indicators to banks about the prospective creditworthiness of borrowers or obligors. Along with bank internal ratings, lenders rely on assessments of rating agencies in the hope of avoiding bias estimations existing in internal credit rating systems (Colquitt, 2007). On the other hand, users of analyses from external rating agencies should consider some negative features of them. Firstly, there is a conflict of interest as a result of the fact that external rating agencies are paid by organisations or companies they assess rather than by the user of ratings information. Secondly, external rating agencies have been criticised because of being too slow to adjust ratings when breakdowns happen  [2]  . The case of Thai Bahtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s downgrade can serve a stark example of this argument. In July 1997, Thai baht plunged in value as the result of the Asian financial crisis; however, both Moodyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s and Standard Poorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s did not downgrade Thailandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s long- term until October 1997. External Credit Agencies According to Chen (2003), the third type of rating systems, external credit agencies is less well- known, providing information of borrowers in the score value form rather than rating information. In terms of the availability of borrowers- evaluating information, this type of rating system possibly outperform both of the bank internal ratin g systems and the external rating agencies because a large range of firms in different industries an regions are covered by external credit agencies (Chen, 2003). 3.3.3 Credit Scoring Systems Another tool for enhancing lenders in making decisions related to risk management is the credit scoring system. Banks use credit scoring as a method of estimating credit risk of loan applications. Analysing historical data related to borrowers and loan applicants such as the applicantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s monthly income, debt, financial assets, whether the applicant has defaulted or been delinquent on a loan, the credit scoring system creates a result used to classify loan applicants or borrowers (Mester, 1997) . Mester (1997, p2) also argued that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“a well-designed model should give a higher percentage of high scores to borrowers whose loans will perform well and a higher percentage of low scores to borrowers whose loans will not perform wellà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. As Thomas, Edelman and Crook (2002) pointed out, the main role of credit scoring system is to decide who will get credit and how much credit they should get; however, one of the long- term limitations of the credit scoring system is that there exist borrowers who can get credit from all lenders and those who cannot get from at least one lender. 3.3.4 Credit Risk Models As Basel (Apr 1999) mentioned, credit risk models play an increasingly vital role in many banksà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ activities, including risk management and performance measurement. There are two main roles of credit risk models. The first role is to analyse single counterparty or transaction in the portfolio, estimating the creditworthiness of the counterparty related to the structure of the transaction. Another one is to assess the entire transactions and counterparties to decide whether the portfolio fits into the risk profile of the bank (Frenkeel, M., Hommel, U., Dufey, G., Rudoff, M., 2005). Moreover, these models offer bank s a mechanism for evaluating credit risk, contributing to banksà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ credit risk management (Basel, Apr 1999). This paper will examine types of credit risk models according to the classification of Smithson (2003) as these models are commonly used and possibly well- known. Structural Models As Smithson (2003) stated that structural models originated from in the Merton model which analyses the volatility between assets and liabilities. In 1974, Merton suggested a model evaluating a company in default if its assetà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s value is below that of its liabilities (Jackson, Nickell and Perraudin, 1999). In other words, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ the probability of a firm going bankrupt depends crucially on the beginning period market of that firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s assets relative to its outside debt, as well as the volatility of the market value of a firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s assetsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Altman and Saunders, 1998, p5). Among structural models, there are tw o models used commonly by financial institutions including: Moodyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s KMV Portfolio Manager and JP Morganà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s CreditMetrics (Smithson, 2003). KMV Portfolio Manager considers the value of the firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s asset as the stochastic variable while the Expected Default Frequency (EDFs) of each individual borrower that this model employs collected from Moodyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s KMV Credit Monitor or KMVà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Private Firm Model; then, basing on historical data, this model produces loss distribution (Smithson, 2003). Figure 3.1: Sources of Probability of Default for Portfolio Manager KMVà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Credit Monitor KMVà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Portfolio Manger KMVà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Private Firm Model EDFS EDFs Source: Smithson, 2003. Another model based on the Merton approach is JP Morganà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s CreditMetrics which is a system for analysing credit risk in portfolios. According to JP Morgan (1997), this model use Monte Carlo simulation to measure VAR to estimate a portfolio loss. The measurement mechanism of CreditMetrics is showed at Figure 3.2. The probability of rating migration is determined by a transition matrix. Both CredtiMetrics and Portfolio Manager assume that firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s asset returns are produced by a set of common risk factors with factors related to the features of firms, industries and countries (Jackson, Nickell and Perraudin, 1999) Figure 3.2: CreditMetrics framework source: JP Morgan, 1997. Macrofactor Models According to Jackson, Nickell and Perraudin (1999), CreditPortfolioView is the most commonly used of macrofactor models, measuring only default risk and taking into account the relationship between macroeconomic conditions and default probabilities by using Monte Carlo simulation to assess default probabilities. Moreover, the time series of default rates per sector are the most crucial data input in using Mente Carlo simulation macroeconomics climates (Kern and Rudolph, 2001). This argument is illustrated in table 3.1. Table 3.1: CreditPortfolioView-data input source: Kern and Rudolph, 2001 Actuarial Models According to Smithson (2003), actuarial models indentify default rates and loss events and among this kind of model, Credit Risk+, proposed by Credit Suisse First Boston, is perhaps best known. In Credit Risk+, only credit risk from defaults is analysed and default rates are considered to be stochastic, not constant over time but possible fluctuate over the credit cycle. The data input of Credit Risk+ include default rates per country- industry segment and those for the individual credit exposures (Kern and Rudolph, 2001). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Recovery rates are taken as constants or alternatively only exposures net of collateral are used for the calculation of losses. Then à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" for a big portfolio of homogenous and independent loans with the same exposure and the same default rates à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the probability that exactly defaults will happen in the portfolio approximately follows the Poisson distributionà ¢ â‚ ¬? (Kern and Rudolph, 2001, p10). The measurement framework of Credit Risk+ is demonstrated in the Figure 3.3. Figure 3.3: Credit Risk+ framework source: Credit Suisse, 1997 3.4 CREDIT RISK MITIGATION TECHNIQUES In the credit risk management framework, credit risk mitigation techniques play a crucial role, applied throughout the risk management with the aim of avoiding and minimising losses. Along with the development of financial instruments, there are a handful of such techniques that are applied dependent on the size, business strategies of banks or national characteristics (Basel, Jan 2000a). This section will examine commonly- used credit risk mitigation approaches such as: collateral, credit limits, netting agreements and credit derivatives. Collateral It may be one of the most popular and basis methods of banks and financial institutions for reducing credit risk. When appearing the event of default, the ownership of properties of borrowers used as collateral in lending agreements will be given to banks; thanks to this, losses are offset partly through the sale of properties (OCC, 2001). However, as Horcher (2005) argued, in the circumstance of devalued collateral assets, counterparties would be required to provide additional collateral. Credit limits According to Horche (2005), credit limits are a useful mitigation approach in minimising exposure to sectors, regions or sovereign governments by granting maximum contract size or maximum term limit to these categories. As the result, banks need to have deep knowledge and understanding about their customers in order to increase the effectiveness of this method. Netting agreements Netting agreements are used to net exchanged amounts between two counterparties. This method, specially applied commonly for interbank transactions when banks are borrowers and lenders of each other, reduces interbank credit exposure by shifting credit risk to bank creditors who do not claim in the netting agreements (Emmons, 1995). Credit derivatives As Horcher (2005) defined, Credit derivatives are contractual agreements based on credit perfo rmance related to predetermined events such as default, insolvency or bankruptcy and non fulfilment of loan obligations. This approach is used through the transfer agreed loanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s credit risk from the protection purchaser- the creditor bank to the protection seller, as a result they have the ability to support participants to offset risk arising from their core businesses (Horcher, 2005).

Just Another Move to China - 761 Words

CASE STUDY :Just another move to China Question 1 : Over the years, the MacDoughals have been on numbers of international assignements -Chicago, Philadelphia and now Singapore - . Lachlan, the husband has been offered an international assignement to China, which makes it a little bit difficult for the entire family to move as his wife, Lisa enjoys her current job in Singapore and is finally looking forward to focusing more on her career and their daughters, Emily and Amà ©lia are already attached to their lives in Singapore. In addition, they all have the permanent Singaporean residency. The MacDoughals definitely fit into a rare and valuable category of people multinational firms are looking for. In Fact, they have proven their†¦show more content†¦In Fact, Amà ©lia and Emily have spent most of their youth (and lives) embrassing the Singaporean culture by  « encorporating Singaporean culture into their everyday life and sense of who they were  ». Both attended (for two years) Asia’s most international and adapted school for third culture kids : United World College of South East Asia (UWCSEA) which unfortunately does not give them the same opportunity in Shanghai since it is the only school of its kind located in the Asian area. The girls have therefore settled in their Singaporean environnement as they enjoy their friends and entourage company and already have some landmarks in their surrounding environnement. Moving to Shanghai will consequently cause a big change in their personalities and characteristics and will eventually make them feel like they don’t belong. As a matter of fact, below are some fundamental bulletpoints on Third culture kids usual characteristics that would potentially apply to Amelia and Emily after moving to Shanghai: - Building relationships all around the world but without any ownership in any - Avoiding the  « where are you from ?  » question - Being uncertain of their cultural identity - Having an identity crisis - Loosing relationships - Feeling different and left out from others Question 4 : Moving all around theShow MoreRelatedTravel Theory : A Process Of Geographical And Cultural Relocation1281 Words   |  6 Pagesact and think despite what their parent’s own culture is. In various locations, there are never identical cultures. They may be similar, but there are slight differences that make the culture unique. No matter what, cultures always have traits that another culture will not agree to. 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The Mississippi State University speaker stated that America had a net lost 200,000+ a year and is now up that much or a little more a year. The oldest hat manufacture in the U.S. bought another brand that has been made inChina for years. Their representative said that their price of production is similar to China’s dueto the rise inRead MorePopulation Dynamics Of China A New Global Power1037 Words   |  5 PagesKlaysmat Mark Rouleau Global Issues UN1025 17 Feb 2016 Population Dynamics of China A New Global Power Introduction For the purpose of this essay the two countries that I have chosen to study would be China and the United States. I will be looking at the differences in population growth, migration, urbanization, as well as how globalization caused the population dynamics of these two countries to differ from one another. 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(Bloomberg, web, 2016). This can increase economic risk exposure. Translation risk can affect any gains J-tec may have from indirect exporting. Thus, J-tec may lose money when conducting business in Mexico. China China is an economic

Essay on Octavian Augustus - 1310 Words

Octavian Augustus is known as the first, and one of the greatest, Roman Emperors ever. Octavian enabled the long, peaceful time of the Pax Romana by changing Rome from a fragile, crumbling republican government to a mighty empire. Octavian’s government was strong enough to withstand weak emperors who mismanaged the Empire as well. His changes proved to be the cornerstone of the greatest empire the world has ever seen. The Pax Romana, or Roman Peace, was a time of great prosperity for all people under Rome’s rule. Roman citizens enjoyed the spectacles of the gladiators in the coliseum and the comedies performed at the many theatres. The Romans are attributed with the development of concrete, which enabled them to build large structures†¦show more content†¦Octavian was favored by Caesar from an early age. In 48 Caesar had his fifteen-year-old great-nephew elected to the priestly college of the pontifices, and he also enrolled him in the hereditary patrician aristocracy of Rome: Octavian joined Caesar in 46 B.C.E on campaign against Pompey in Spain. Later, Octavian was sent to Apollonia, on the coast of Greece, to attempt to finish his education. While in Apollonia, Octavian trained with Roman legions stationed there. Only months after arriving in Apollonia, Octavian learned that Caesar was murdered. He also learned that he was named as the beneficiary in Caesar’s will and had been formally adopted as his son. The will thrust tremendous power on Octavian. He was now the leader of a great army ready to follow the commands of Caesar’s heir. Octavian used this army to occupy Rome and force the Senate to make him consul. Marc Antony, who had been consul with Caesar, was now forced to create the alliance with Lepidus, a high priest, and Octavian. The three leaders divided the land that Rome had conquered. Antony controlled the East and Octavian the West. Lepidus controlled Africa. The leaders led a ruthless campaign to punish Caesar ¹s assassins but soon turned on each other. Octavian first attacked Lepidus and took control of Africa and all of Italy. Antony strained relations between Octavian and himself by divorcing Octavian’s sister, in favor of Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt. Finally, inShow MoreRelatedFrom Octavian to Augustus: The Death of the Republic and the Rise of the Principate1382 Words   |  6 PagesAugustus, who was once named C. Oc tavius, was the grand-nephew of Julius Caesar. Due to Caesar’s death from the uprising in 44 B.C., it was stated from his will, that Octavian was to be adopted as Caesar’s son. So his name was changed to C. Julius Caesar Octavianus (Porter, 2010). Later throughout his political and military career, he controlled Rome under the title Augustus (Brand, 2013). This begins a story of a young man to an emperor of the Roman world. According to Morey (1901), followingRead MoreEssay on Augustus Caesar859 Words   |  4 PagesAugustus Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (Octavian as he was called until the adoption by Caesar, later called Augustus Caesar) was born 23 September, 63 BC. Augustus was the grand-nephew of Julius Caesar and later became his heir after he learned that his grand-uncle had adopted him. Augustus Caesar was with out a doubt the greatest political leader in the Roman Empire. He made Rome what think of it as and what we study today. Octavian’s first public appearance was in 51 BC whenRead MoreThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar1356 Words   |  6 Pages  An astute politician, Octavian consolidated his rule by first eliminating his political adversaries and then disguising his immense power in plain sight.   His reign brought both expansion and consolidation of both his powers and the empire that revered him.   Peace, once thought to be unattainable due to centuries of war and conquest had finally arrived in the form of Pax Romana.   While a cunning and ruthless ruler to his adversaries, it is undebatable the impact Augustus left in the form of a stableRead MoreEssay On Julius Caesar928 Words   |  4 PagesAs the first Roman emperor (though he never claimed the title for himself), Augustus led Rome’s transformation from republic to empire during the tumultuous years following the assassination of his great-uncle and adoptive father Julius Caesar. He shrewdly combined military might, institutio n-building and lawmaking to become Rome’s sole ruler, laying the foundations of the 200-year Pax Romana (Roman Peace) and an empire that lasted, in various forms, for nearly 1,500 years. Ask HISTORY: What doesRead MoreRoman Empire: Emperor Caesar Augustus 660 Words   |  3 Pageswaged war against your wife? Caesar Octavian Augustus did. Augustus was a great leader. Leaders are necessary because they need to show leadership amongst the people and unite the people as one doing anything to keep them safe. Caesar Octavian Augustus was one of Rome’s greatest leaders by showing that at the age of 19, he can rule one of the most powerful nations by any means including war (http://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/empire/augustus.html) Octavian Augustus is one of the fiercest leaders inRead MoreOctavian, the Greatest Roman Leader Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesOctavian enabled the long, nonviolent time of the Pax Romana, (Latin for Roman peace) by changing Rome from a frail, collapsing republican government to a powerful empire. He is known as the first, and one of the greatest, Roman Emperors ever. Octavian was born on September 23, 63 BC, and died in 14 AD. Born with the name Gaius Octavius Thurinus, he was adopted posthumously by his great-uncle Gaius Julius Caesar via his will, and then was named Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus. This happened inRead MoreJulius Caesar Divi : The Second Triumvirate1428 Words   |  6 PagesImperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus, along with being a mastered politician, he also surpassed at getting Roman people to do what he wanted them to do voluntarily, and he managed to keep the aspect of the Republic up and running for the length of his session as an emperor. After the as sassination of his adoptive father, Julius Caesar, Octavian introduced himself in the political leadership in 44 BC. During this time, the army was loyal to their general therefore Octavian paid all of Caesar’s armedRead MoreAugustus Rise to Power Essay (Tacitus and Augustus)1513 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion: Compare the following descriptions of Augustus’ rise to power, one by Augustus himself and one by Tacitus (the second-century historian), and discuss their historical validity. 1)â€Å"At the age of nineteen on my own responsibiliy and at my own expense I raised an army,...I transferred the republic from my power to the dominion of the senate and people of Rome.† -Augustus,Res Gestae Divi Augusti 2)†One view of Augustus went like this: filial duty and national crisis had been merely pretextsRead MoreTransition Period : The Roman Republic1198 Words   |  5 PagesCaesar’s nephew Octavian, led Rome’s soldiers to relinquish the conspirators who murdered Caesar. Octavian and Antony’s victory brought about the question of who would gain control over Rome. At Battle of Actium in 31BCE, Marc Antony and Cleopatra’s forces were to be united and defeat Octavian but in 30 BCE together they committed suicide. Octavian then became ruler of Rome, which ended the Roman Republic and began Imperial Rome. Imperial Rome began in 27 BCE with the victory of Octavian and ended 337Read MoreAncient History Research Task – Augustan Reforms Essay1281 Words   |  6 Pagessociety in relation to then-current events. However, it was not until the rise of Augustus, the first of a long line of succeeding emperors, that many core aspects of the Republic were greatly changed. These were collectively known as the â€Å"Augustan Reforms†, and consisted of largely a variety of revisions to the social, religious, political, legal and administrative aspects of the republic’s infrastructure. Through Augustus, who revelled in the old traditional ways of the past, the immoral, unrestraint

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Methodology: This is a good process when applied at the beginning as it may be an important part of the viability and reliability. This section reveals the type of verification collected and kind of reality, it is proposed to demonstrate. A qualitative descriptive design was used. Data were collected in 2013. By undertaking secondary research (literature review) the researcher has established underling theories regarding public sector management for mangers. By reading academic journals and text books, interesting views of theoretical underpinning is illustrated. Result: The findings illustrates that the public sector management have many concerns. Conclusion: The conclusion highlights the .. In addition, recommendations are made for public sector management to work within a framework in order to meet the educational needs. Keywords: Acknowledgements: I would like to express my sincere gratitude and warm acknowledgement to the many people and institutions that supported me in the completion of this assignment. I specially thank to Associate professor Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on Service Delivery or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Surajudeen Shitta, without whom this assignment had been never realized, Thank you for generously inviting me to share broad managerial and scientific knowledge in the field of Personal effectiveness in health and social care sector. Chapter 1: Q1: As a Manager, you need to investigate and analyse key features in local features in local and regional levels change and identified problems related to changes since 1995; evaluate the impact of provision of public sector goods/services and the impact of the political context and the policy process on public sector organizations? Q2: As a manager, you need to evaluate the importance of the accountability process arising from modernization; accountability mechanisms of public sector organizations; the relevance of public sector organizations in the face of competition from other providers; and analyse potential problems as a result of organizations being in the public sector? Q3: As a manager, you need to need to examine the difference between private and public sector organizations: critically evaluate the impact of key features relating to privatization and Europeanization on the public sector; and evaluate future strategies which could help to mitigate the impact of such external pressures? Q4: As a manager, you need to evaluate a variety of relevant management theories/techniques and critically evaluate the performance of a given organization with suitable management theories/techniques?

Arts Administration Managing the Arts Presentation Essay Example For Students

Arts Administration Managing the Arts Presentation Essay The Foundation realizes this mission through exceptional exhibitions, education programs, research initiatives, and publications, and strives to engage and educate an increasingly diverse international audience through its unique network of museums and cultural partnerships. (1) The mission reflects and defines the organization, it is very clear and it shows commitment to it. (2) The mission is specific about its work and audience when it answer the implicit questions: to do what? and for whom? 3) It Gang be perfectly directed at Guggenheim targeted audiences and donors who dont have any idea what the organization is about. Below is an attempt to shorten the mission without losing its meaning: Our mission is to understand and promote the manifestations of visual culture by collecting, conserving and studying modern and contemporary art, We realize this mission through exceptional exhibitions, educational programs, research initiatives and publications that help engage and educate a n international audience through the networking of museums and cultural partnerships. 2: An ideal board member would be someone vivid: (I) vested interest on the organization; (2) that respects its bylaws; (3) that have a great dynamic With the staff; (4) that understands its mission and have made donations; (5) that encourages Other board members to do their jobs, etc A board member could be an art dealer or collector, or have an industry credibility (already used to donating to arts organizations); They should have great fundraising skills . ND at the same time be able to donate to the organization themselves, and be honoring sees: would cultivate them by: (I) always remembering that they are a part of a team and making room for their opinion; (2) by always making the meeting a cause; (3) by listening and not judging them; (4) by acknowledging the donors generosity (if he/she is a board member), etc. The things they could do to support my organization: (1) attend the board meetings; (2) set up meetings With prospective customers; (3) encourage existing donors to continue their relationship with my organization; (4) give money/services to my organization; 5) respect the give/get policy, (6) focus on building growing constituency, etc. #3: The exhibition chosen is called A Year With Children 2013, an arts education program. As an Artistic Director, I would share with the marketing staff the following information: (1) a budget limit to be spent by the marketing department,; (2) the target audience (students in grades two through six, teachers, public and private schools, etc); (3) the mission statement (which needs to be read in less than 2 sentences or be turned into a strong message by the racketing department); (4) let them know if additional marketing will need to happen to increase its promotion, etc, #4: using the method we explored in class: Value Proposition of the organization: For the international audience who seeks to engage in a unique and never forgetting cultural experience, Guggenheim provides a renowned art museum With an exceptional design and rare collections. Slogan: Art, Architecture and innovation.